Kirubanathini Jeyakumar
A131699
Emotions & Personality
My greetings to Dr.Zamri and my fellow friends who takes the time to read my journal. It has been only four days that I have submitted my last journal and here comes the following journal just days after.Its my pleasure to attend Dr.Zamri's lecture because the students are able to pick up tons of learning points. Dr.Zamri was an hour early for the lecture and he was practically preparing the stuffs he supposed to do.For this session Dr.Zamri has planned to replace the lecture with some other task which will be watching some videos regarding Physcoanalytic Theory and relating the fact from the video with the Theory. Whereas , the second task is question and answer session. The video was regarding emotions and personality.
From the notes been posted by Dr.Zamri,it states that there are three main components of emotion.Firstly, emotion is associated with distinct subjective feelings or affects.Secondly, it is accompanied by bodily changes mostly in the nervous system.On the other hand it is also accompanied by distinct action tendencies or increase in probabilities of certain behaviours.Whereas, personality is the combination of physiological traits we use to classify and describe a person in terms of characteristics.Myers-Briggs Type indicator is the most widely used personality assessment instrument in the world.Individuals are classified as extrovert or introvert, sensing or intuitive, thinking or feeling and judging or perceiving.
Dr.Zamri did not actually show us the slides but he made it in a way that he asked the students to categorise themselves in which category are they in.Like myself I classified myself in extrovert,sensitive,feeling and judging. At the end the result was ESTJ which classify me as guardians. Extroverts are defined as outgoing,sociable and assertive.On the other hand, introverts are quiet and shy.Sensitive is defined as individuals who are practical and prefer to focus on details.Intuitives rely on unconscious processes and look at the big picture.Whereas the thinking types use the reasons and logics to handle problems.The feeling types rely on their personal values and emotions.Judging types are those who wants to control and prefer their world to be ordered and structured.Lastly, perceiving types are those flexible and spontaneous.Apart from that Dr.Zamri also discussed about the Sixteen types at a Glance but he did not emphasise much on it.Meanwhile Dr.Zamri played a song whereby this is the inital lyrics of the song:
Oceans apart day after day.....
And i slowly go insane....
I hear your voice on theline ....
But it doesn't it stop the pain....
Right after the song, Dr.Zamri asked us about the The Big Five Model.This model can be easily remembered as OCEAN. O stands for openness to experience,C stands for conscientiousness,E stands for emotional stability,A stands for agreeableness and lastly neuroticism. Extroversion is ones comfort in relationship.Agreeableness refers to an propensity to defer to others. Conscientiousness is a measure reliability.Emotinal stability taps a person's ability to withstand stress. Openness to experience addresses an individual's range of interest and fascination with novelty.The other key attributes will be firstly locus of control which is a belief that life is controlled by oneself versus outsiders. Machiavellianism is the tendency to manipulate and maintain emotional distance and Self-esteem states degree one likes or dislikes oneself.
Apart from that, The Categorical and Dimensional Approach of Emotions has been included in the lecture note.The categorical approach indicates focus on identifying a small number of primary and distinct emotions, lack of consensus about regarding which emotions are primary and lack of consensus is attributable to different criteria used for defining an emotion as primary.The Dimensional approach is based on the empirical research rather than theoretical criteria. People are themselves on a variety of emotions, then the researchers applies statistical techniques to identify dimensions underlying ratings.
Emotion Continuum states that any two emotions are to each other on the continuum, the more likely people are to confuse them.In the contents versus style of emotional life, it includes content of emotional life,style of emotional life and interaction of content and style in emotion life.Content refer to the specific kinds of emotions that person experiences.Whereas style refers to how emotions are experienced and content and style have trait-like properties which is stable over time and situations,meaningful for making distinction between people.Examples of pleasant emotions included in content of emotional life are happiness and life satisfaction. Researchers have defined happiness in two complimentary ways.Firstly, judgement that life is satisfying and secondly predominance of positive relative to negative emotions.Furthermore, in personality and well-being high extraversion and low neuroticism contribute more to happiness than gender,ethnicity,age and all other demographic characteristics.There are two different models of relationship between personality and well being.Firstly indirect model.This model states that personality causes a person to create a certain lifestyle and lifestyle causes emotion reactions.Secondly the indirect model whereby states that personality directly causes emotional reactions.Research by Larsen et al(1988) to assess the direct model was done.The best predictor of responsiveness to positive mood induction is extraversion.Whereas the best predictor of responsiveness to negative mood induction is neuroticism.Thus it is easy to put an extravert into a good mood and a high neuroticism person into a bad mood state.All these eventually suggests that personality had a direct effect on emotions.
Further reading :
High-Level Description of the Sixteen Personality Types
ISTJ
Serious and quiet, interested in security and peaceful living. Extremely thorough, responsible, and dependable. Well-developed powers of concentration. Usually interested in supporting and promoting traditions and establishments. Well-organized and hard working, they work steadily towards identified goals. They can usually accomplish any task once they have set their mind to it.
ISTP
Quiet and reserved, interested in how and why things work. Excellent skills with mechanical things. Risk-takers who they live for the moment. Usually interested in and talented at extreme sports. Uncomplicated in their desires. Loyal to their peers and to their internal value systems, but not overly concerned with respecting laws and rules if they get in the way of getting something done. Detached and analytical, they excel at finding solutions to practical problems.
ISFJ
Quiet, kind, and conscientious. Can be depended on to follow through. Usually puts the needs of others above their own needs. Stable and practical, they value security and traditions. Well-developed sense of space and function. Rich inner world of observations about people. Extremely perceptive of other's feelings. Interested in serving others.
ISFP
Quiet, serious, sensitive and kind. Do not like conflict, and not likely to do things which may generate conflict. Loyal and faithful. Extremely well-developed senses, and aesthetic appreciation for beauty. Not interested in leading or controlling others. Flexible and open-minded. Likely to be original and creative. Enjoy the present moment. .
INFJ
Quietly forceful, original, and sensitive. Tend to stick to things until they are done. Extremely intuitive about people, and concerned for their feelings. Well-developed value systems which they strictly adhere to. Well-respected for their perserverence in doing the right thing. Likely to be individualistic, rather than leading or following.
INFP
Quiet, reflective, and idealistic. Interested in serving humanity. Well-developed value system, which they strive to live in accordance with. Extremely loyal. Adaptable and laid-back unless a strongly-held value is threatened. Usually talented writers. Mentally quick, and able to see possibilities. Interested in understanding and helping people.
INTJ
Independent, original, analytical, and determined. Have an exceptional ability to turn theories into solid plans of action. Highly value knowledge, competence, and structure. Driven to derive meaning from their visions. Long-range thinkers. Have very high standards for their performance, and the performance of others. Natural leaders, but will follow if they trust existing leaders.
INTP
Logical, original, creative thinkers. Can become very excited about theories and ideas. Exceptionally capable and driven to turn theories into clear understandings. Highly value knowledge, competence and logic. Quiet and reserved, hard to get to know well. Individualistic, having no interest in leading or following others.
ESTP
Friendly, adaptable, action-oriented. "Doers" who are focused on immediate results. Living in the here-and-now, they're risk-takers who live fast-paced lifestyles. Impatient with long explanations. Extremely loyal to their peers, but not usually respectful of laws and rules if they get in the way of getting things done. Great people skills.
ESTJ
Practical, traditional, and organized. Likely to be athletic. Not interested in theory or abstraction unless they see the practical application. Have clear visions of the way things should be. Loyal and hard-working. Like to be in charge. Exceptionally capable in organizing and running activities. "Good citizens" who value security and peaceful living.
ESFP
People-oriented and fun-loving, they make things more fun for others by their enjoyment. Living for the moment, they love new experiences. They dislike theory and impersonal analysis. Interested in serving others. Likely to be the center of attention in social situations. Well-developed common sense and practical ability.
ESFJ
Warm-hearted, popular, and conscientious. Tend to put the needs of others over their own needs. Feel strong sense of responsibility and duty. Value traditions and security. Interested in serving others. Need positive reinforcement to feel good about themselves. Well-developed sense of space and function.
ENFP
Enthusiastic, idealistic, and creative. Able to do almost anything that interests them. Great people skills. Need to live life in accordance with their inner values. Excited by new ideas, but bored with details. Open-minded and flexible, with a broad range of interests and abilities.
ENFJ
Popular and sensitive, with outstanding people skills. Externally focused, with real concern for how others think and feel. Usually dislike being alone. They see everything from the human angle, and dislike impersonal analysis. Very effective at managing people issues, and leading group discussions. Interested in serving others, and probably place the needs of others over their own needs.
ENTP
Creative, resourceful, and intellectually quick. Good at a broad range of things. Enjoy debating issues, and may be into "one-up-manship". They get very excited about new ideas and projects, but may neglect the more routine aspects of life. Generally outspoken and assertive. They enjoy people and are stimulating company. Excellent ability to understand concepts and apply logic to find solutions.
ENTJ
Assertive and outspoken - they are driven to lead. Excellent ability to understand difficult organizational problems and create solid solutions. Intelligent and well-informed, they usually excel at public speaking. They value knowledge and competence, and usually have little patience with inefficiency or disorganization.
With this I would like to end my journal here.
Thank you.
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